Starbucks Franchise in the US: Why It Doesn't Exist and What Coffee Franchises Do

The Answer Is No - And Here's Why Starbucks Chose This Model

Over 4,400 people search "Starbucks franchise" every month. The answer has been the same since Howard Schultz built the modern company in 1987: Starbucks does not franchise to individual investors in the United States.

This is a deliberate and longstanding corporate decision, not an oversight. Starbucks' stated position is that quality control over the customer experience requires owning and operating all US locations directly. Franchising introduces variability in training, equipment maintenance, and service standards that the company has determined is incompatible with its brand.

The practical result: every Starbucks is either a company-operated store or a licensed store run by a large existing business. At the end of fiscal 2025, Starbucks reported 11,018 company-operated and 7,293 licensed stores across North America. There are no individual franchisee owners in the US earning profits on the Starbucks brand through a traditional franchise relationship. If you are researching this because you want to own a coffee franchise, the rest of this article covers what is actually available.

What About Licensed Starbucks Stores?

The Starbucks locations inside Target, airports, hospitals, and university campuses operate under a licensing agreement — not a franchise. The distinction is significant and frequently misunderstood.

A licensed Starbucks operates under a contract between Starbucks and an existing large-scale foodservice operator. The licensee — a company like Aramark, Compass Group, HMS Host, or Target itself — uses Starbucks products, training, equipment, and branding, and pays Starbucks a licensing fee. The licensee earns revenue from food and beverage sales, not from any ownership stake in Starbucks.

These arrangements are not accessible to individual investors. Starbucks selects licensed partners based on demonstrated multi-unit foodservice management capability at scale — the ability to run food and beverage programs across hundreds of locations simultaneously. If you manage a hospital's foodservice operation or oversee dining programs at a university, you might approach Starbucks about a licensed location. If you are an individual looking to open a coffee business, there is no application path here.

International Starbucks: Still Not for Individual Buyers

Outside the United States, Starbucks operates through a master licensee model in many markets. Large regional operators hold the rights to develop Starbucks locations across entire countries or geographic regions — this includes much of Asia, the Middle East, and parts of Latin America.

These arrangements are not accessible to individual buyers. Entry requires hundreds of millions in capital, existing large-scale foodservice infrastructure, and long-term development agreements covering 50 to 200 or more locations. The negotiation timeline with Starbucks corporate typically runs years. An individual buyer cannot pursue a Starbucks franchise internationally through any standard process.

The short version: whether you're looking at the US or international markets, a Starbucks franchise is not available to you as an individual investor. The question worth asking instead is which coffee franchise alternatives match your capital and market.

Coffee Franchise Alternatives: What You Can Actually Buy

Five coffee franchise brands actively sell to individual investors. Their investment profiles vary substantially.

Dunkin' is the largest and most established alternative, with more than 9,600 US locations and a franchise development program that has been running for decades. The franchise fee runs $40,000 to $90,000, with total investment between $109,700 and $1,637,700 depending on format — from end-cap strip center locations to freestanding drive-throughs. Royalty is 5.9% of gross sales plus a 5% brand advertising fund. Full cost breakdown at Dunkin' franchise cost →.

The Human Bean focuses on drive-through kiosk formats with a $25,000 franchise fee and total investment typically between $225,000 and $550,000. Around 250 locations operate currently, concentrated in the West and Southeast. Royalty is 6% plus a 2% advertising fund. Scooter's Coffee has expanded past 700 locations, primarily in the Midwest, with a $40,000 franchise fee and total investment of $794,000 to $1,270,000 for a kiosk or $1,073,000 to $1,564,000 for a full coffeehouse. PJ's Coffee covers the Southeast with a $35,000 fee and total investment of $204,000 to $688,000. Biggby Coffee is Midwest-dominant at a $20,000 fee and $265,000 to $466,000 total investment.

For most of these brands, SBA 7(a) financing is the standard acquisition structure. SBA 7(a) loans go up to $5 million — sufficient for any coffee franchise format. Lenders require a 10% cash injection as equity at closing and a DSCR of at least 1.25x on projected revenue. Buyers using retirement savings as equity can use a Rollover for Business Startups (ROBS) to access $50,000 or more in 401(k) or IRA funds without early withdrawal penalties. SBA microloans are available up to $50,000 for buyers who need supplemental working capital after a primary loan closes.

For any of these brands, location quality determines performance more than brand choice. Coffee franchise average unit volume varies 40 to 60% based on site characteristics alone.

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